Kamis, 27 Januari 2011

Research in Education


A. Understanding Education
In the Dictionary of Education stated that education is a) as a process whereby a person develops abilities, attitudes and forms of behavior in the community where he lived, b) as a social process where people are faced with environmental influences are selected and supervised (eg school ), so that he can acquire or develop social skills and emotional abilities are optimum.
B. Characteristics of Education Sciences
Science education is a science that systematically and systemically study the socio-cultural interaction between students as subjects and education in order to achieve the desired goals of education that emphasizes the formation of self-reliance within the framework of lifelong learning.
Ditunjau of nature, science education is itself an autonomous scientific discipline. This means assessing their own science education and produce the concept / theory of education such as: learning by doing (learning by doing), independent learning, lifelong learning. Besides, science education to apply the concept or theory developed in other sciences such as: philosophy, psychology, sociology, anthropology, administration / management and economics are needed both to enrich the concept of education as well as to improve engineering education itself.
Science education more appropriately classified into the family of behavioral sciences and social sciences and cultural sciences are descriptive and reflective. What is the object of study in science education?
The object of study of science education is to various aspects of socio-cultural interaction between learners and educators in order to achieve educational goals. Based on the philosophical, psychological and cultural factors that describe the object of study in science education, then there are (5) five core components that make up science education batah body of science education. The five components are:
1. Curriculum; the component that is pleasing to the purposes and reference material interaction. Concept developed in this curriculum theory among other theories about the purpose of education, curriculum organization, curriculum content and curriculum development models.
2. Learning, ie the component related to the implementation process from the point of interaction that learners. The theory developed in this component include: the type and way of learning, hierarchical learning and learning conditions.
3. Educate / teach, ie components with respect to pelaksnaan interaction from the point of educators. Theory developed, among others, how the model of educating / teaching methods / techniques to educate and classroom management system.
4. Environmental Education; namely components with respect to how the situation of educational interactions take place along with its supporting elements. Theory developed include: planning and management of education, guidance counseling, educational media.
5. Assessment, ie components with regard to how to know how / how far the desired goal is achieved through the interaction of learning it happen. Theory developed include: assessment models, methods / techniques to assess and assessment instruments.
Areas of specialization of the torso can be developed according to science education:
1. The core components, namely curriculum, learning, teaching, counseling, educational management and assessment.
2. Environment (settings), the school education and special education school.
3. Levels and types include: primary, secondary, higher and vocational education teachers.
4. Field of study, among other things, Social Science and Language arts.
5. Category of learners.
6. Education Personnel among others: Power of structural, functional staff and technical personnel.
C. Research in Education
In order to assess and develop theories in the various components of science education, used a variety of approaches both deductive and inductive / empirical. Deductive approach applied in the determination of the concepts and educational methods that are general and basic. While the inductive approach is applied in the framework of the assessment and development of concepts and ways of education that is specific and technical.
Application of inductive approach / empirical hypothesis testing can be a (positivistic), grounded or naturalistic research and development studies.
What about the working methods that can be applied in the development of educational science, can be used various methods like content analysis, phenomenology, ex-post facto, experiment, problem analysis, case studies and field testing.

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