Basic Concepts of Research

A. Understanding Research
Research can be defined as a set of activities that are systematic and targeted to problem solving, discovery and development of science batah body (the body of knowledge) is organized. Research can also be interpreted as a form of working methods or methods of solving problems in a planned and carefully conducted to obtain data, information (facts), and the conclusion (conclusion) that can increase the ability to understand, predict or control the situation (event).
B. Research Characteristics
Understanding Research in the above is very abstract, and therefore need to identify the characteristics of research that could explain how the principles and methodology of research undertaken. These characteristics are:
1. Research directed to solve problems or aim to answer the questions posed in the study or view the relationship of two or more variables.
2. Research emphasizes the development of generalizations, principles or theories useful in predicting future events.
3. Are empirical, meaning that based on experience that can be observed, the incidence of events (empirical evidence).
4. Systematic, That is a process that is structured, follow certain procedures in formulating the problem, identify variables, formulate hypotheses, collect data, and process and analyze data relevant to the problem formulated.
5. Demanded a careful observation and description in data collection and analysis of appropriate data. Therefore, researchers should be selective in choosing or developing instruments.
6. Demanding special expertise, it means mastering research methods, literature relevant to the problems examined, concepts and techniques necessary to understand and analyze the data.
7. Objective, subjective means to avoid the influence or force conclusions influenced by emotions.
8. Reductive, meaning not merely describe what happened but concluded into a particular concept.
9. Replicative, meaning memugkinkan can be tested again by other people in different occasions and places.
C. Usability Research
Benefits or utility derived from research, in general can be classified into two types of uses, ie uses theoretical and practical usefulness.
1. Facts and Theoretical Uses which are an invention of a concept that research can become information for science. In this connection, science is the purpose of research. Research conducted for the benefit of the development of this science is called the Basic Research (basic research). Problem and the variables studied, excavated and removed on the basis of existing theories in science. Testing a hypothesis formulated on the basis of scientific theory, are found in these studies to the development of science.
2. Practical Uses The findings in this study can also be used to see the possibility of what will happen (predict) and how to prepare ways to deal with or control it. Here is the first step to planning, training and development activities. In relation to research that helps in decision making and the ways or techniques face the problem of human life that ultimately function in an effort to improve the welfare of mankind. Such research is usually called applied research or research utilization.